PATOGENISITAS JAMUR ENTOMOPATOGEN Beauveria bassiana Balsamo (DEUTEROMYCETES: MONILIALES) PADA LARVA Spodoptera litura Fabricius (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE)

Abstract

Armyworm (Spodoptera litura F.) is considered one of serious pests attacking
leaves due to its parasitic characteristic on most hosts such as soybeans, peanuts,
cabbage, sweet potatoes, potatoes. Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin is
prospective to be developed as biological controlling agent which can damage and
even cause death to larvae in orders of Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Hemiptera and
Orthoptera. The objective of this research was to find out pathogenicity of B.
bassiana at density of 105, 106, 107, 108,and 109 conidia/ml on larvae S. litura and
its influence on the success of larvae S. litura in becoming pupa. The research was
carried out in Mycologi and Growth Chamber laboratory, Pest and Plant Desease
Department, Agriculture Faculty, Brawijaya University, from Desember 2011 to
May 2012. This research applied completely randomised design with three
replicates and density of B. bassiana at: 0 (as control), 105, 106, 107, 108, 109
conidia/ml. Each density held 20 larvae. Dipping method was employed in this
pathogenicity test, where larvae S. litura was dipped into density suspension of B.
bassiana conidia for about 5 seconds and dried. The results of the research
showed that the highest density rate causing the death of larvae S. litura was at
1,47 x 109 conidia/ml with the death of 51,37 %. While the lowest density rate
causing larvae S. litura to become pupa was at 1,47 x 109 conidia/ml with the
success rate of larvae S. litura in becoming pupa of 48,63 %. The fastest density
B. bassiana rate causing Median Lethal Time (LT50) on larvae S. litura at 1,47 x
109 conidia/ml in 298,97 hours.

Key words: Spodoptera litura, Beauveria bassiana, Pathogenicity.