PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN PGPR (PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA) TERHADAP INTENSITAS TMV (TOBACCO MOSAIC VIRUS), PERTUMBUHAN, DAN PRODUKSI PADA TANAMAN CABAI RAWIT (Capsicum frutescens L.)

Abstract

One of the main disease of chili cultivation is mosaic disease that is caused by
TMV (Tobacco Mosaic Virus). One effort to control the disease could be done by
applying Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). PGPR is a useful
bacteria that lives and grows well in soil that contain much of organic matter. This
research aimed to determine the effect of application and the role of PGPR
Pseudomonas fluorescens, Azotobacter sp., dan Bacillus subtilis on TMV attack
intensity, the height and production of chili plant. This research was conducted in
screen house and plant disease laboratory, Brawijaya University Malang. The
experiment started in April until August 2012. This research was using complete
randomized design. The treatments used one species of PGPR bacteria and the
combination of two species of PGPR bacteria. The PGPR were PGPR P.
fluorescens, PGPR Azotobacter sp., or PGPR B. subtilis. Whereas the PGPR
combination were PGPR P. fluorescens and PGPR Azotobacter sp., PGPR P.
fluorescens and PGPR B. subtilis, or PGPR Azotobacter sp. and PGPR B. subtilis.
Control were executed without applying PGPR. Results showed that the
combination of P. fluorescens and Azotobacter sp. PGPR affected on reducing the
incubation periode, the attack intensity of TMV, and increasing the plant height.
The incubation periode for chili plants with PGPR P. fluorescens and Azotobacter
sp. was 16,67 days. The PGPR P. fluorescens and Azotobacter sp. reduced TMV
attack intensity on chili plants until 89,92%. The plant height of chili plants with
PGPR P. fluorescens and Azotobacter sp. could reach 69,25 cm. PGPR P.
fluorescens dan B. subtilis treatment could increase the average fruit weight of
chili until 2,17 grams per plant.

Keywords: PGPR, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Azotobacter sp., Bacillus subtilis,
TMV, chili