PERTUMBUHAN POPULASI DAN PERKEMBANGAN Cadra cautella Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) PADA BERBAGAI JENIS BERAS
POPULATION GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF Cadra cautella Walker (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE) ON VARIOUS TYPES OF RICE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jurnalhpt.2024.012.4.1Keywords:
Beras, Cadra cautella, perkembangan, pertumbuhanAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pertumbuhan populasi dan perkembangan Cadra cautella Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) pada berbagai jenis beras. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Maret hingga Juli 2023 di Laboratorium Hama Tumbuhan, Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya. Penelitian ini terdiri dari enam perlakuan (beras giling, beras merah, beras hitam, beras pecah kulit, beras ketan putih, dan beras ketan hitam) diulang sebanyak tujuh kali. Penelitian ini diatur dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Pelaksanaan penelitian pertumbuhan dilakukan dengan menginfestasikan 200 butir telur C. cautella ke dalam vial yang berisi pakan 10 g. Variabel pengamatan terdiri dari jumlah larva dan pupa, imago baru (F1), perhitungan nisbah kelamin (sex ratio), dan penurunan berat pakan. Pelaksanaan penelitian perkembangan dilakukan dengan mengambil satu butir telur C. cautella dari hasil pengamatan pertumbuhan kemudian dipindahkan ke dalam vial yang sudah berisi pakan ±2 g sesuai perlakuan dan diulang sebanyak sepuluh kali. Variabel pengamatan terdiri dari fase telur, larva, dan pupa; praoviposisi; oviposisi; pascaoviposisi; siklus hidup; fekunditas; dan lama hidup imago (longevity). Data dianalisis dengan ANOVA 5% dan dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) 5%. Perangkat lunak yang digunakan yaitu R. Statistic versi 4.2.1. Pertumbuhan C. cautella paling cepat terdapat pada beras ketan hitam dengan jumlah larva 75,71; pupa 32,00; dan imago 31,71. Siklus hidup C. cautella paling cepat terdapat pada beras ketan hitam yaitu 41,42 hari. Sedangkan kehilangan hasil pada beras ketan hitam mencapai 16%.
References
Adarkwah, C., Obeng, O., Adler, D., Büttner, C. Reichmuth, C., & Schöller, M. (2011). Integration of Calneem® oil and parasitoids to control Cadra cautella and Corcyra cephalonica in stored grain cereals. Journal of Phytoparasitica. 39, 223–233. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-011-0158-4
Andrewartha, H.G., & Birch, L.C. (1954). The distribution and abundance of animals. Chicago: The university of Chicago press.
Astuti, L.P. (2019). Strategi pengelolaan hama pascapanen. Malang: UB Press.
Astuti, L.P., Rizali, A., Firnanda, R., & Widjayanti, T. (2020). Physical and chemical properties of flour products affect the development of Tribolium castaneum. Journal of Stored Products Research, 86, 101555. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2019.101555.
Astuti, L. P., Lestari, Y. E., Rachmawati, R., & Mutala’liah. (2020). Preference and development of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst, 1797) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) in whole grain and flour form of five corn varieties. Biodiversitas, 21, 564–569. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d210218
BPS. (2023). Luas panen dan produksi padi di Indonesia 2022 (angka sementara). https://www.bps.go.id/pressrelease/2022/10/17/1910/pada-2022--luas-panen-padi-diperkirakan-sebesar-10-61-juta-hektare-dengan-produksi-sekitar-55-67-juta-ton-gkg.html. Diakses pada 13 Februari 2023.
Chapman, R.F. (1998). The insect structure and function. London: Cambridge University Press.
Chapman, R. F. (2013). The insects structure and function 5th edition. direvisi dan diperbaharui oleh Douglas, A. E. dan S. J. Simpson. London: Cambridge University Press.
Đukić, N., Radonjić, A., Popović, B., Kljajić, P., Pražič-Golić, M., & Andrić, G. (2022). The impact of the protein carbohydrate ratio in animal feed and the initial insect population density on the development of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum. Journal of Stored Products Research, 97, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2022.101983
Hagstrum, D.W., & Subramanyam, B. (2006). Fundamentals of stored product entomology. USA: AACC Internasional.
Hagstrum, D., Klejdysz, T., Subramanyam, B., & Nawrot, J. (2013). Atlas of stored product insects and mites. USA: AACC International.
Heinrichs, E.A., Medrano, F.G., & Rapusas, H.R. (1985). Genetic evaluation for insect resistance in rice. Manila: IRRI
Howe, R.W. (1957). A laboratory study of the ciragatte beetle, Lasioderma serricorne with a critical review of the literature on its biology. Bulletin of Entomology, 48, 9–56.
Khan, J. & Noor, M. (2015). Outline of biological effects, fecundity, eclosion and lifespan on adult tropical warehouse moth, Cadra cautella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) by using sex ratio. International Journal of Agricultural Science and Food Technology, 2, 035–040.
Lefkovitch, L. P. & Currie, J. E. (1963). The effects of food storage upon larvae of Lasioderma serricorne. Bulletin Entomology Research, 54, 535–547.
Parra, J. R., Panizzi, A. R., & Haddad, M. L. (2012). Nutritional indices for measuring insect food intake and utilization. Insect bioecology and nutrition for integrated pest management, 13.
Rees, D. (2004). Insects of stored products. Australia, CSIRO Publishing.
Rizal, S., Mutiara, D. & Agustina, D. (2019). Preferensi konsumsi kumbang beras (Sitophilus Oryzae L) pada beberapa varietas beras. Sainmatika: Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, 16, 157-165. https://doi.org/10.31851/sainmatika.v16i2.3287
Rizwana, S., Hamed, M., Naheed, A. & Afghan, S. (2014). Resistance in stored rice varieties against angoumois grain moth, Sitotroga resistance in stored rice varieties against angoumois grain moth, Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 43, 343–348.
Sjam, S, (2014). Hama pascapanen dan strategi pengendaliannya. Bogor: IPB Press.
Smith, C. W. & Dilday, R. H. (2003). Rice: origin, history, technology, and production. New Jersey: John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
Subramanyam, B., & Hagstrum, D.W. (1996). Integrated management of insect in stored products. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc.
Thangjam, R., Damayanti, M. & Sharma, G. J. (2003). Cadra cautella walker (Lepidoptera: Crambidae: Phycitinae) - a pest on Parkia timoriana (DC.) Merr. in Manipur. Current Science, 85, 725–726.
Tripathi, K., Chauhan, S. K., Gore, P. G., Prasad, T.V., Srinivasan, K. & Bhalla, S. (2014). Penapisan aksesi kacang tunggak (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) terhadap pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis (L.). Aree Journals Legum Research, 38, 675-680.
Ziegler, J. R. (1976). Evolution of the migration response: emigration by Tribolium and the influence of age. Evolution, 30, 579–592. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1976.tb0093.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Jurnal HPT (Hama Penyakit Tumbuhan)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
The copyright of the received article shall be assigned to the journal as the publisher of the journal. The intended copyright includes the right to publish the article in various forms (including reprints). The journal maintains the publishing rights to the published articles.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
